CDC continues to take aggressive action to respond to an expanding outbreak caused by H1N1 (swine flu).
CDC’s response goals are to:
1. Reduce transmission and illness severity, and
2. Provide information to help health care providers, public health officials and the public address the challenges posed by this emergency.
CDC continues to issue and update interim guidance daily in response to the rapidly evolving situation. This includes guidance on when to close schools and how to care for someone who is sick at home. Supplies from CDC’s Division of the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) are being sent to all 50 states and U.S. territories to help them respond to the outbreak. In addition, the Federal Government and manufacturers have begun the process of developing a vaccine against this new virus. Response actions are aggressive, but they may vary across states and communities depending on local circumstances. Communities, businesses, places of worship, schools and individuals can all take action to slow the spread of this outbreak. People who are sick are urged to stay home from work or school and to avoid contact with others, except to seek medical care. This action can avoid spreading illness further.
Agent, group 
Treatment Chemoprophylaxis
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Adults 75mg capsule twice per day for 5 days 75mg capsule once per day
Children (age, 12 months or older)
weight 15 kg or less 60 mg per day divided into 2 doses 30 mg once per day
15–23 kg 90 mg per day divided into 2 doses 45 mg once per day
24–40 kg 120 mg per day divided into 2 doses 60 mg once per day
>40 kg 150 mg per day divided into 2 doses 75 mg once per day
Zanamivir (Relenza)
Adults Two 5mg inhalations BID Two 5mg inhalations once daily
Children Two 5mg inhalations BID (age > 7) Two 5mg inhalations once daily
Dosing recommendations for antiviral treatment of children younger than 1 year using oseltamivir. Age Recommended treatment dose for 5 days
<3 months 12mg twice daily
3-5 months 20mg twice daily
6-11 months 25 mg twice daily
Children Under 1 Year of Age
Children under one year of age are at high risk for complications from seasonal human influenza virus infections. The characteristics of human infections with swine-origin H1N1 viruses are still being studied, and it is not known whether infants are at higher risk for complications associated with swine-origin H1N1 infection compared to older children and adults. Limited safety data on the use of oseltamivir (or zanamivir) are available from children less than one year of age, and oseltamivir is not licensed for use in children less than 1 year of age. Available data come from use of oseltamivir for treatment of seasonal influenza. These data suggest that severe adverse events are rare, and the Infectious Diseases Society of America recently noted, with regard to use of oseltamivir in children younger than 1 year old with seasonal influenza, that "…limited retrospective data on the safety and efficacy of oseltamivir in this young age group have not demonstrated age-specific drug-attributable toxicities to date."
